- Řekněte, co právě teď děláte
Vzor: Learn English. - I am learning English.
a) Put on your coat! - I am putting on my coat.
b) Write down these sentences in pencil! - I am / we are writing down these sentences in pencil.
c) Don't talk loudly! - I am / we are not talking loudly.
d) Don’t leave the room! - I am / we are not leaving the room.
e) Switch on the light! - I am / we are switching on the light.
f) Put down your pen! - I am putting down my pen.
g) Listen to your teacher! - I am / we are listening to my teacher.
h) Wash your hands! - I am / we are washing my hands.
i) Don't point at him! - I am / we are not pointing at him.
j) Listen to the news on the radio! - I am / we are listening to the news on the radio.
k) Help your friends! - I am / we are helping my/our friends.
l) Don’t smoke in the office! - I am / we are not smoking in the office.
m) Don’t listen to what they say! - I am not / we are listening to what they are saying.
- Doplňte správný tvar slovesa uvedeného v závorce.
a) Listen! The telephone _______________ (ring).
Listen! The telephone is ringing.
a) She ________________ (wear) a yellow sweater today.
She is wearing a yellow sweater today.
b) Look! John _______________ (cross) the street.
Look! John is crossing the street.
c) Look at the man who _______________ (run) after the bus.
Look at the man who is running after the bus.
d) Don’t make so much noise. I _______________(study).
Don’t make so much noise. I am studying.
e) Look at the man who _______________ (run) after the bus.
Look at the man who is running after the bus.
f) John _______________ (do) his homework now.
John is doing his homework now.
g) At present Mr and Mrs Smith _______________ (travel) in South America.
At present Mr and Mrs Smith are traveling in South America.
h) They usually spend their winters in Miami, but they _______________ (spend) this winter in Mexico.
They usually spend their winters in Miami, but they are spending this
winter in Mexico.
i) Listen! Someone _______________ (knock) at the door.
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
j) His secretary says that Mr Smith _______________ (have) lunch at present.
His secretary says that Mr Smith is having lunch at present.
k) At present John _______________ (make) good progress in English.
At present John is making good progress in English.
l) They _______________ (wait) for us on the corner.
They are waiting for us on the corner.
m) The bus _______________ (stop) for us now.
The bus is stopping for us now.
n) Look! It _______________ (begin) to rain.
Look! It is beginning to rain.
o) Listen! That is Mary who _______________ (play) the piano.
Listen! That is Mary who is playing the piano.
p) For the time being Mr Smith _______________ (act) as manager of this department.
For the time being Mr Smith is acting as manager of this department.
q) Be careful! They _______________ (watch) you.
Be careful! They are watching you.
- Slovesa v závorce dejte do správného tvaru přítomného času průběhového
a) Listen to those people. What language _____________ (they speak)?
Listen to those people. What language are they speaking?
b) Please be quiet. I _____________ (try) to concentrate.
Please be quiet. I’m/ I am trying to concentrate.
c) Why _____________ (you/look) at me like that? Have I said something wrong?
Why are you looking at me like that? Have I said something wrong?
d) You _____________ (make) a lot of noise. Can you be a bit quieter?
You are making / You’re making a lot of noise. Can you be a bit quieter?
e) Excuse me, I _____________ (look) for a phone box. Is there one near here?
Excuse me, I’m/ I am looking for a phone box. Is there one near here?
f) Listen! Can you hear those people next door? They _____________ (shout) at each other again.
Listen! Can you hear those people next door? They’re/ They are shouting at
each other again.
g) Why _____________ (you/wear) your coat today? It’s very warm.
Why are you wearing your coat today? It’s very warm.
h) I _____________ (not/work) this week. I'm on holiday.
I’m/ I am not working this week. I'm on holiday.
i) I want to lose weight. I _____________ (not/eat) anything today.
I want to lose weight. I’m/I am not eating anything today.
j) The number of people without jobs _____________ (rise) at the moment.
The number of people without jobs is rising at the moment.
k) He is still ill but he _____________ (get) better slowly.
He is still ill but he's/he is getting better slowly.
l) These days food _____________ (become) more and more expensive.
These days food is becoming more and more expensive.
m) The world _____________ (change). Things never stay the same.
The world is changing. Things never stay the same.
n) The cost of living _____________ (increase). Every year things are dearer.
The cost of living is increasing. Every year things are dearer.
o) George has gone to work in Spain. When he arrived, his Spanish wasn't very good but now it _____________ (improve).
George has gone to work in Spain. When he arrived, his Spanish wasn't very
good but now it's/it is improving.
ČÍSLOVKY ZÁKLADNÍ
1 – ONE 11 – ELEVEN
2 – TWO 12 – TWELVE
3 – THREE 13 – THIRTEEN 30 – THIRTY
4 – FOUR 14 – FOURTEEN 40 – FORTY
5 – FIVE 15 – FIFTEEN 50 – FIFTY
6 – SIX 16 – SIXTEEN 60 – SIXTY
7 – SEVEN 17 – SEVENTEEN 70 – SEVENTY
8 – EIGHT 18 – EIGHTEEN 80 – EIGHTY
9 – NINE 19 – NINETEEN 90 – NINETY
10 – TEN 20 – TWENTY 100 – A HUNDRED or
ONE HUNDRED
1,000 – A / ONE THOUSAND
1,000,000 – A / ONE MILLION
1,000,000,000 – A / ONE BILLION (a / one thousand milion or a / one miliard)
1,000,000,000,000 – A / ONE TRILLION (a / one milion milion)
U SLOŽENÝCH ČÍSLOVEK SE MEZI ŘÁDEM DESÍTEK A JEDNOTEK PÍŠE POMLČKA:
25 = TWENTY-FIVE
MEZI ŘÁDEM STOVEK A DESÍTEK JE SPOJKA AND (v americké angličtině se však spojka vynechává):
125 = ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE = britská angličtina
125 = ONE HUNDRED TWENTY-FIVE = americká angličtina
ČÍSLOVKY URČITÉ NETVOŘÍ MNOŽNÉ ČÍSLO (VYJADŘUJÍ PŘESNÝ POČET), tj. nepřijímají koncovku –s v množném čísle A POČÍTANÝ PŘEDMĚT SE PŘIPOJUJE PŘÍMO ZA ČÍSLOVKU:
200 STUDENTŮ = TWO HUNDRED STUDENTS
6,000,000,000 TUN = SIX BILLION TONNES
ČÍSLOVKY NEURČITÉ (NEVYJADŘUJÍ PŘESNÝ POČET, POUZE ŘÁD) SE CHOVAJÍ JAKO PODSTATNÁ JMÉNA, tj. přijímají koncovku –s v množném čísle A POČÍTANÝ PŘEDMĚT SE PŘIPOJUJE PŘE PŘEDLOŽKU „of“
HUNDREDS OF MEN DIED.
THEY USED BILLIONS OF TONNES OF CONCRETE.
VYPISUJEME-LI NĚJAKOU ČÍSLOVKU ČÍSLICÍ, ODDĚLUJEME ŘÁDY TISÍCŮ ČÁRKOU, DESETINNÁ JE TEČKA.
DESETINNÉ ČÍSLO ČTEME JAKO JEDNOTLIVÉ ČÍSLICE:
2,250,000 m = TWO MILLION TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND METRES
1.25 = ONE POINT TWO FIVE
LETOPOČTY PŘED ROKEM 2000 ČTEME JAKO DVĚ VEDLE SEBE STOJÍCÍ DVOUCIFERNÁ ČÍSLA:
1848 = EIGHTEEN FORTY EIGHT
1970 = NINETEEN SEVENTY
LETOPOČTY OD ROKU 2000 ČTEME JAKO JEDNU ČÍSLOVKU:
2001 = TWO THOUSAND AND ONE
U FINANČNÍCH ČÁSTEK VYPISUJEME MĚNU PŘED VLASTNÍ ČÁSTKOU, ČTEME JI VŠAK AŽ ZA NÍ:
$500,000 – FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS
$1.25 – ONE DOLLAR TWENTY-FIVE CENTS
TELEFONNÍ ČÍSLA A ČÍSLA ÚČTŮ ČTEME JAKO JEDNOTLIVÉ ČÍSLICE, NULU ČTEME JAKO O [ou], DVĚ STEJNÉ ČÍSLICE VEDLE SEBE ČTEME „DOUBLE“:
004206154499 = DOUBLE O [ou] FOUR TWO O [ou] SIX ONE FIVE DOUBLE FOUR DOUBLE NINE
- Následující výrazy vypište číslicí.
a) one hundred and twenty-five = 125
b) two hundred and thirty-seven = 237
c) three hundred and eighty-three = 383
d) two million = 2,000,000
e) five million = 5,000,000
f) seven million = 7,000,000
g) three billion = 3,000,000,000
h) eight trillion = 8,000,000,000,000
i) thirty-five thousand, two hundred and fifty = 35,250
j) seventy-one thousand, five hundred and sixty = 71,560
k) ninety-nine thousand, nine hundred and ninety = 99,990
l) five hundred and eighty-four million, seven hundred and twenty-three thousand, eight hundred and forty-two point two three six = 584,723,842.236
m) six hundred and thirty-five million, eight hundred and twenty-four thousand, nine hundred and twelve point nine eight seven = 635,824,912.987
n) two thousand and twelve = 2,012
o) nine thousand and thirteen = 9,013
p) twelve thousand and nineteen = 12, 019
q) two hundred and fifty dollars = $250
r) five hundred dollars = $500
s) seven hundred and eight dollars = $708
t) six euros and nine cents = EURO.09
u) seven euros and three cents = EURO 7.03
v) two euro and one cent = EURO 2.01
40. Doplňte věty výrazy ve správném tvaru.
a) Three and a half (thousand, thousands of) people worked on the dam each year.
b) (Thousand, Thousands of) people worked on the dam each year.
c) At its base, the dam is two (thousand, thousands of) meters wide.
d) They spent (million, millions of) dollars constructing the dam.
e) (Thousand, Thousands of) people worked on the dam.
f) The average monthly payroll was five hundred (hundred, hundreds of) dollars.
g) The dam can generate over ten (billion, billions of) kilowatt-hours a year.
h) Lake Mead holds more than thirty-five (million, millions of) cubic meters of water.
i) (Hundred, Hundreds of) people died building the dam.
j) Every year, (thousand, thousands of) tourists visit the dam.
41. Podtržené číselné výrazy vypište slovy.
a) The dam is an important source of electricity generating about 4,000,000,000, (four billion) kilowatt-hours a year.
b) The Lake Mead is a man-made lake and holds 35,396,000 (thirty-five million, three hundred and ninety-six thousand) cubic meters of water.
c) The water pressure is 21 ½ (twenty-one and a half / twenty-one point five) bar.
d) They used 2,500,000 (two and a half million / two million, five hundred thousand) cubic meters concrete.
e) There were 3,500 (three thousand, five hundred / three and a half thousand) people working on the project.
f) The maximum number of people working on the project was 5,218 (five thousand, two hundred and eighteen).
g) It was in the year 1938 (nineteen thirty-eight).
h) 96 (ninety-six) people died from heat and cold.
i) We are in the desert here and the temperature can go up to 44 (forty-four) °C.
j) The average monthly payroll was 500,000 (a half a million / five hundred thousand) dollars.
k) The crane operators earned $1.25 (one dollar and twenty-five cents / one dollar twenty-five cents).
ČÍSLOVKY ŘADOVÉ
1st – FIRST 11th – ELEVENTH
2rd – SECOND 12th – TWELFTH
3th – THIRD 13th – THIRTEENTH 30th – THIRTIETH
4th – FOURTH 14th – FOURTEENTH 40th – FORTIETH
5th – FIFTH 15th – FIFTEENTH 50th – FIFTIETH
6th – SIXTH 16th – SIXTEENTH 60th – SIXTIETH
7th – SEVENTH 17th – SEVENTEENTH 70th – SEVENTIETH
8th – EIGHTH 18th – EIGHTEENTH 80th – EIGHTIETH
9th – NINTH 19th – NINETEENTH 90th – NINETIETH
10th –TENTH 20th – TWENTIETH 100th – A HUNDREDTH
or ONE HUNDREDTH
ZA ŘADOVOU ČÍSLOVKOU SE V ANGLIČTINĚ - NA ROZDÍL OD ČEŠTINY - NIKDY NEDĚLÁ TEČKA.
ŘADOVÉ ČÍSLOVKY SE POUŽÍVAJÍ SE ČLENEM URČITÝM.
U SLOŽENÝCH ČÍSLOVEK JE TVAR ŘADOVÉ ČÍSLOVKY – NA ROZDÍL OD ČEŠTINY - VŽDY AŽ U POSLEDNÍ ČÁSTI:
5TH= THE FIFTH
25TH= THE TWENTY-FIFTH
(DVACÁTÝ PÁTÝ)
125TH = ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH
(STÝ DVACÁTÝ PÁTÝ)
120TH = ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH
(STÝ DVACÁTÝ)
POMOCÍ ŘADOVÝCH ČÍSLOVEK SE TVOŘÍ V ANGLIČTINĚ ZLOMKY:
ČITATEL____ ČÍSLOVKA ZÁKLADNÍ ONE__
JMENOVATEL ČÍSLOVKA ŘADOVÁ THIRD
JE-LI ŘADOVÁ ČÍSLOVKA POUŽITA JAKO JMENOVATEL A ČITATEL JE VĚTŠÍ NEŽ 1, PŘIJÍMÁ V MNOŽNÉM ČÍSLE KONCOVKU –S:
ONE TWO
FIFTH FIFTHS
ZAPAMATUJTE SI NEPRAVIDELNÉ TVARY ZLOMKŮ:
½ = ONE HALF
¼ = ONE QUARTER
42. Následující zlomky vyjádřete slovy:
a) ¾ = three quarters
b) 2/3 = two thirds
c) 1/10 = one tenth
d) 9/10 = nine tenths
e) 1/5 = one fifth
f) 2/5 = two fifths
g) 1/6 = one sixth
h) 5/6 = five sixths
i) 1/7 = one seventh
j) 2/7 = two sevenths
k) 1/8 = one eighth
l) 7/8 = seven eighths
m) 1/9 = one ninth
n) 2/9 = two ninths
SLOŽENÉ ZLOMKY SE VYJADŘUJÍ POMOCÍ ČÍSLOVEK ZÁKLADNÍCH A PŘEDLOŽKY "over" :
17 čteme jako: SEVENTEEN OVER EIGHTEEN
18